Electric motor



(No Model.) I 3 -Shee'rLs--Sheei 1.

H. B. CULLINS. ELECTRIC MOTOR.

No. 569,746. Patented Oct. 20,' 1896.

me cams Pmns no, Mdm-mno msm 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

H. B. COLLINS.

` ELECTRIC MOTOR.

Patented Oct. 20, 1896.

ATTORNEYS,

3 sheet-B Sheet 3 v(No Model.) j

H. B. COLLINS.

f ELECTRIC MOTOR.

No. 569,746. PatentedOot. 20, 1896.

GZ gl FZ i;

i y if U f j... `WJ\\\\\\\\\\\\ HUE. f

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEicE.

HERMAN B. COLLINS, OF FULTON, NEV YORK.

ELECTRIC MOTOR.

SFECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 569,746, dated October 20, 1896. Application filed November 20, 1895. Serial No. 669,489. (No model.)

Beit known that I, HERMAN B. COLLINS, of Fulton, in the county of Oswego, in the State of New York, have invented new and useful lmprovem ents in Motors, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in motors particularly applicable for use in driving ventilating-fans and similar mechanisms, and has forits object the production cf a device which is practical and effective and operates with a minimum degree of friction and noise; and to this end it consists, essentially, in a rotary head or part for driving the fan-blades or other devices connected thereto and an armature and a field-magnet for raising or suspending the head or part and revolving the same in an elevated plane.

rlhe invention also consists in the detail construction and arrangement of the parts of the rotary head orfpart and the motor.

In describing this invention reference is had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which like letters indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure l is an elevation, partly in section, of my improved motor, shown as operatively connected to the inner ends of oppositely-ar ranged fan-blades. Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on line 2 2, Fig. l. Figs. 3 and 4 are isometric views of the detached bearingpieces, one of which is shown as inverted. Fig. 5 is a top plan view, partly in section, of the flask for facilitating the construction of my improved commutator, its top section being removed and the commutator-segments being shown in position within the flask. Fig. G is a vertical section taken on line (i G, Fig. 5, the annular ring of the iiask being also shown by dotted lines in its elevated position. Fig. 7 is a top plan view, partly broken away, of my improved fiask,the top section being shown in it-s normal position. Fig. S is a vertical section taken on line 8 S, Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a vertical section of the detached eommutator of my improved motor. Fig. l0 is a detail section taken on line 1010, Fig. S); and Fig. ll is a detail section, partly in elevation, of a portion of an armature and a slightly-modified construction of pole-piece for my improved motor.

A represents the rotary head orpart, B and O the armature and eld-magnet of the motor for revolving the head, and A a case inclosing the upper end of the rotary head and the armature and ieldnnagnet, and, as is obvious, said head or part, motor, and inclosing case may be of any suitable form, size, and construction. rlhe head or part A is formed with a chamber d, extending downward] y from its upper face for receiving the lower end of the shaft D, which is preferably stationary. The lower end of the chamber a is preferably closed and is provided with an end bearing-'face a, formed with a central socket or depression, and an outlet-conduit a2 extends downwardly from said socket or depression through the outer face of the head or part A and is closed by suitable means, as a screw es. The head or part A is preferably composed of upper and lower sections a4 a, usually united at the lower end of the chamber a, and the fanblades, as E, or other articles driven by my invention may be suitably secured or connected to the lower section a5, which is here shown as provided with opposite arms a6.

The chamber a is preferably formed of greater diameter than the shaftD and is provided at its upper end with a contracted portion forming a bearing a7 for said shaft and a superimposed lubricant-reservoir CLS. A conduit a9 extends downwardly from the reservoir as into the underlying enlarged portion of the chamber u, and a conduit (1.10 extends upwardly from said portion of the chamber and above the level indicated by line l, Fig. 2, of the lubricant in the reservoir as for permitting the escape of the air beneath the bearing a7 when the oil is feed` ing through the conduit a9. The lower end of the shaft D is provided with an enlargement d of substantially the same diameteras the chamber a, and a groove d extends lengthwise of said enlargement for permitting the downward passage of the lubricant admitted to the chamber a from the reservoir as by the conduit a. The top face of said enlargement is provided with a stop-shoulder di, engaged by a suitable stop-face a of the head or part A, here shown as the lower face of the an- ICO nular ring within the chamber u, formed of grcater internal diameter than the shaft D :for permitting the passage of the lubricant. The described arrangement of the lubricant', reservoir and the bearings for the shaft D is particularly practical and effective, as the bearings are submerged beneath the level of the lubricant and are effectively and constantly supplied with the lubricant,

Suitable bearing-pieces d dl, preferably :formed of hardened steel, are interposed between the lower end of the shaft l) and the face c, and their opposite faces and peripheries are Vformed with grooves d"l d for permitting the passage of the lubricant. These bearing- )ieces preferably consist of disks having their adjacent faces of such construetion that their central portions only are engaged and their outerportionsdisengaged, thus reducing to a minimum the amount of friction and noise incidental to the rotation of the head or part A. lt is obvious, however, that a ball may be substituted for one of the disks, that the adjacent or bearing faces of either of the disks may be flat instead of convex, and that both disks may be omitted and the face o then engaged by the lower end face ol the shaft D, providing one or both of said faces are formed convex. Consequently the convex face of the disk d is essentially removablyprovided upon the lower end of the shaft D and the adjacent face of the disk d* is formed at the lower end of the chamber u, since it immaterial whether said faces are formed separable from or integral with said shaft andthe bottom wall of said chamber.

'lhe armature D encircles the shaft l) and is suitably fixed to the upper end of the head or part A, which forms a hub ifor said armature. The field-magnet t3 for cooperating with the armature D is secured to the shaft D and its arms are inclined downwardly toward the adjacent or top face of the ar1na ture and are provided with pole-pieces arranged above and at substantially right angles with the top face of the armature.

lf desired, the pole-pieces of the field-magnet may be provided with extensions having their ends arranged beneath the armature, and at Fig. i1 l lhave shown a portion of afieldmagnet D10 having its pole-pieces provided with extensions (ZW, formed withlaterally-extending ends d, arranged beneath the armature lll". It will be understood, however, that in this construction of the field-magnet the portions of the pole-pieces arranged above the armature are capable of the stronger aetion. The armature and the head or part A are suspended or slightly elevated by the magnetism of the armature and `field-magnet, and consequently said field-magnet is preferably so adjusted vertically that the elevation or upward tendency of the armature is just sufficient to engage the adjacent faces of the bearing-pieces d3 dl, and when the field-magnet and the armature B cease to attract each seat/ae other the rotary head, or part A and said armature descend slightly until the stop-faces c d?, previously described, are engaged. lt is therefore obvious that the armature ll and the rotary head or part A are revolved with a minimum degree of noise and strain and frictioirupon the bearii'igs of said head.

lf is the eommutator of my motor, which .is highly effective and is of special construction in order to greatly cheapcn its cost and thus render an electric motor particularly applicable for driving ventilating-fans and similar devices. As best seen at Figs. 2, 5, and D, the eommutator consists of a series ol segments j', having arms j 7"E usually of unequal length extending from their opposite ends, insulating-stripsfil ol mica or other suitable material interposed between the segments, and an insulati11g-supportj", vulcanized to the segments and insulating-strips and fixed to the upper end of the rotary head or part A. The support 7 is preferably provided with upper and lower tlanges j f, formed with sockets for receiving the arms f'j/", the lower flange f being of less thickness than t-he length ol' the lower or longer arms vl", which extend through said [lange and are cured to the wiring Il of the armature ll.

The commutator F is preferably ,formed by a flask G, consisting of lower, intermediate, and upper sections i] q' g/ and an annular ring y, the sections g g y? being normally alined with each other by upper and lower arms (if projecting from the opposite faces of the section g, and perforations (not illustrated) formed in the sections y f/i" for receiving the arms G'. The lower section 5,/ is provided with an annular wall g, projecting upwardly from its inner edge, an annular groo ve gi in its top face, and a circular series of apertures y, extending downwardly 'from said groove through the lower face of the section. The annular ring y/i closely eneircles the wall (jl and is formed of less d ialnetcr than the series of apertu res g The intermediate section g' consists of a ring formed with perforations gl, extending through its upright wall and having its Vinner peripheral face formed of considerably greater diameter than the outer face of the ring gj and provided with an aunular groove g, and the upper section g` provided with an annular groove g in its lower face alined with the groove gf.

ln the 'manufacture ol' my improved conimutator ll the lower and 'intermediate seetions g g' and the ringl tf are arranged in operative position, and the segmentsj'are placed between the section g' and the ring gf and are supported 'upon the section .f/ with the `longer arms or ln'ojections f2 arranged in the perforations The insulating-stripsj are then interposed between the segments j', and suitable clamps gl, as flexible wires, are arranged in the pcrforations gl and grooves g and clamped around said segments and insulating-strips for tirmly holding the same together and temporarily securing 'them to IIO the section g. vAfter the clamps g1@ are in position the ring gS is withdrawn and the sections g g are separated, the segments f and strips f3 remaining secured to the section g by the clamps gw. A. ring of unvulcanized rubber is then arranged within the groove g, and the lower and intermediate sections g g are again assembled in operative positions and are suitably alined with each other by the arms G and the perforations (not illustrated) for receiving said arms, so that the longer arms or projections f3 of the segments f' are passed through the rubber strip into the apertures gf.

After the sections g g are assembled the space between the annular wall g4 and the segments fand insulating-strips f3 is filled with unvulcanized rubber, a ring of unvulcanized rubber is placed upon the top faces of said segments and strips, so as to enter the groove g, and the upper section g2 is arranged in operative position. The sections g g' g2 are then firmly clamped together by nuts G2, movable on the arms G', and the rubber within the flask G is suitably vulcanized, and when the sections g'. g' g2 are separated the segments f, insulating-strips f3, and insulating-support f4 are firmly and practically secured together and said segments are positively and effectively insulated. The support f4 is then secured to the head or part A in any suitable manner, and, if desired, a metallic ring similar to the ring g3 may be vulcanized to the inner periphery of said support, providing the wall gLl is of the requisite diameter.

The operation of my invention will be readily understood upon reference to the accompanying drawings and the foregoing decrip tion, and it will be particularly noted that the suspension or elevation of the armature and the rotary head or part, when in motion, and the peculiar construction of the bearings for the shaft upon which said head or part revolves greatly reduce the noise, strain, and friction incidental to the revolution of said armature and head or part.

My invention is particularly applicable for use in driving Ventilating-fans and similar devices. It is apparent, however, that the detail construction and arrangement of my improved motor and the head or part revolved thereby may be considerably changed Without departing from the spirit of my invention, and consequently I do not herein speciiically limit myself to such exact detail construction and arrangement.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- l. In combination, a rotary pendent head or part, and a motor for revolving the head or part, said motor being provided with an armature and a field-magnet magnetically cooperating to effect an upward tendency of the revolving head or part during the operation of the motor, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In combination, a rotary armature, a field-magnet having its pole-pieces arranged above the armature for magnetically attracting the same upwardly and a rotary head or part arranged beneath the armature and revolved thereby, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. In combination, a rotary head or part, a motor for revolving the head or part, said motor being provided with an armature and a field-magnet magnetically cooperating to effect an upward tendency of the revolving head or part during the operation of the motor, and a fan-blade revolved by the head or part, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. In combination, a stationary shaft formed with a convex engaging face, a rotary armature, a field-magnet for magnetically attracting the armature upwardly, and a rotary head or part arranged beneath the armature and revolved thereby, said head or part being provided with a bearing-face for engaging the convex face, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In combination, a stationary shaft formed with a pair of separated engaging faces, a rotary armature, a field-magnet arranged at one side of the armature for coperating therewith, and a rotary head or part arranged at the opposite side of the armature and revolved thereby, and provided with separated bearing-faces for engaging the former separated faces, one of said bearing-faces bein formed convex, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

6. In combination, a pendent stationary shaft formed with an engaging face, a rotary head or part provided with a convex face for engaging the former face, and a motor for raisingthe head or part and revolving the same in its elevated plane, substantially as and for the purpose described.

7 In combination, a pendent stationary shaft formed with a convex engaging face at its lower end, and a stop-face arranged above the convex face, a rotary head or part encircling the shaft and provided with a convex face and a stop-face for engaging the former faces, and a motor for raising the head or part and revolving the same in its elevated plane, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In combination, a pendent stationary shaft, a rotary head or part provided with an internal chamber for receiving the head or shaft having its lower end closed, a pair of bearing-pieces interposed between the shaft and the end face of the chamber, and a motor for revolving the head or part, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

9. In combination, a pendent stationary shaft formed with an engaging face at its lower end, a rotary head or part formed with an internal chamber for receiving the shaft IOO IIO

having its lower end closed, and formed with a bearingtace for engaging the former face, said chamber being provided with a bearing itor the shaft and a superimposed lubricantreccptaole whereby said bearing and the cngaging and bearing faces are sulnnerged be neath the level ol' the lubricant, and a meier for revolving the head or part, substantially as and vfor the purpose described.

l0. In combination, a pendent stationary shaft 'formed with a convex engaging face at its lower end, and a stop-shoulder arranged above the convex it'ace, a rotary head or part provided with an internal chamber for receiving the shaft, having its lower end closed and formed with bearing and stop Vfaces for engaging the former faces, said chamber bein provided with a contracted portion above the bearing and stop faces :for Yforii'iing a bearing for the shaft, a lubricant-receptaele arranged above the bearing, a conduit cxtending downwardly from the receptacle into the internal chamber, and a second conduit extendingfrom said chamber above the level ot' the lubricant in said receptacle, and a motor for revolving the head or part, substantially as and for the purpose set `forth.

ll. In combination, a pendent stationary shaft formed with a stop-face, a rotary armature encircling the shaft, a ieldanagnet arranged above the armature and cooperating therewith Vfor suspending and revolving` the arma-ture, a rotary head or part arranged beneath the armature and provided with an internal chamber for receiving the shaft hav ing its lower end closed, beariiig-pieces intei-posed between the lower end of the shaft and formed with conduits for Athe passage of the lubricant, said bearing-pieces having the central portions of their adjacent faces en gaged and the surrounding portions thereof i disengaged, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

l2. In combination, a rotary head or part,

`inn-blades connected to the head or part, an

armature fixed 'to the head or part, a commutator comprising a series of. segments, and an insulating-support for the segments lined to the head or part and a field-magnet cooperating with the armature for suspending and revolving the same, substantially as and l'or the purpose specified.

13. rlhe herein-described comnmtator, the same con'iprising a series et' separated segments having arms or projections extending from their opposite ends, an insulatingsupport vulcanized to the segments, and provided with upper and lower [langes having sockets i'or receiving said arms or prejeetitms, substantially as and for the purpose described.

ll. The herein-described llask for molding eonnnutators, the same comprising` a lower section having an annular wall projecting upwardly from its inner edge, an annular groove in its top face and a circular series of apertures extending lovvnwardly l'roin said groove through the section, a movable annular ring encircling the annular wall and formed of less diameter than the circular series et apertures, an intermediate section olf greater diameter than the annular ring7 pro vided with perforations extending through its upright wall and an annular groove in its inner peripheral face, and a top section formed with an annular groove in its lower face, substaiitially as and for the purpose specilied.

In testimony whereof l have hereunto signed my name, in the presence oi two attesting witnesses, at Syracuse, in the county oi' Onondaga, in the State oi New York, this 30th day ol' August, 1895.

.HERMAN l. COLLINS.

lVitnesses:

E. A. Wnisi-zono, K. Il. TrInoinALn. 

